军事信息系统作战活动描述方法研究

针对军事信息系统需求分析需要，探讨了作战活动过程描述、作战节点连接描述、节点状态转换描述和作战活动时序描述的内容和方法。基于该理论和方法，可以准确描述信息化条件下军事人员对军事信息系统的应用需求，实现军事人员与技术人员的有效沟通，为军事信息系统军事需求分析与应用设计的基础。     

军事欺骗战法分析的数学方法-理论*

针对军事欺骗战法定量分析困难的问题，采用基于贝叶斯统计推断和博弈均衡分析的数学方法在理论上为解决此难题提供了一种可行的方法。该方法首先定义基本概率矩阵，然后根据贝叶斯原理为交战双方构造用于统计推断的主观概率矩阵，并在由两个主观概率矩阵元素构成的偏序链与实施军事欺骗机会之间建立了对应关系。再将此关系推广到基本概率矩阵，即是否存在实施军事欺骗的机会将由基本概率矩阵元素构成的偏序链决定。数学分析表明：对于2×2基本概率矩阵，这样的偏序链长度为3、总数为8，通过对这些偏序链的分析。可以为军事欺骗战法的研究和运用提供科学依据。     

军校思想政治理论课实践教学的价值及途径探索

军校思想政治理论课实践教学是理论教学的延伸和拓展，是让学员运用所学理论去检验真理的有效性，从而获取价值认同、情感体验，树立革命军人核心价值观并坚定信仰。探索军校思想政治理论课实践教学，加强思想政治理论课的实践环节，是培养当代革命军人的关键。     

The market and the military profession: competition and change in the case of Sweden

The rise of private military and security companies (PMSCs) challenges our notion of military professionals. PMSCs bring new claims to professional status and legitimacy outside military institutions and represent an increasing diffusion of - and competition over - military and security expertise. In light of this development, understanding the formation of professional identities in military and private security organisations is as an important undertaking. This paper contributes to this endeavour by analysing professional self-images in the Swedish Armed Forces and how these relate to PMSCs. The study is based on data collected from official documents, semi-structured interviews and a small-scale survey among senior military officers. Focusing on military understandings of PMSCs and contractors, the analysis provides much-needed insight into relational aspects of professional identity formation outside the US context. Furthermore, it points to discrepancies in organisational and group levels in understandings of commercial security actors, and paves the way for future research.     

Accreditation Fraud in Brazilian Military Hospitals: Why “Tone at the Top” Matters

This article shows under which circumstances fraudulent accreditation can occur in Brazilian military hospitals, calling attention to the tone at the top as a critical aspect of military fraud deterrence – and hence as a critical aspect of this branch of military ethics. The problems allegedly found in Brazilian military health institutions were revealed through in-depth interviews conducted with 29 professionals who reported to work or have worked in a Brazilian military hospital. These fraud allegations were mostly associated with false documentation and procedures designed to give the appearance that legal requirements for accreditation were met and could be traced back to a weak or corrupt “tone at the top” coming from military higher ranks.     

基于改进单亲遗传算法的军事物流中心选址问题研究

为了有效求解军事物流中心选址问题，在单亲遗传算法加入模拟退火选择操作，与倒位算子和非均匀变异操作相结合，构建了退火单亲遗传算法。在选择操作中，采用三复本锦标选择的方式，确保了种群的多样性。计算结果表明该方法可有效求解选址问题，取得较一般遗传算法更优的结果，算法的搜索效率和收敛概率均得到大幅度提高。     

我国军事权的宪法规制

在我国,军事权是国家权力体系中一项独立的权力,它是中央军事委员会及其所属各级军事机关依照宪法授权而享有的对武装力量进行统率和管理的一切支配力的总和。我国历史上出现过的十几部宪法或宪法性文件均对其作出了规定。现行的＂八二宪法＂更是对军事权的权力来源、权力主体、权力范围、权力结构、启动程序和行使结果进行了较为完善的规制。在这些宪法规制的框架下,我们寻求着军事权的＂增强＂与＂节制＂这对二律背反的精妙平衡。     

Effective in battle: conceptualizing soldiers’ combat effectiveness*

How do we understand combat effectiveness – soldiers’ performance in battle? Despite the broad consensus that understanding combat effectiveness is important both for scholars and policymakers, there is widespread disagreement about what combat effectiveness is. More specifically, studies of effectiveness tend to focus on either the skill of soldiers in battle, or their will to fight. Yet both skill and will are essential components of an effective fighting force. This article argues that understanding combat effectiveness requires understanding both of these key components of effectiveness. In other words, combat effectiveness requires both the skill and will to engage the enemy in an organized manner. It then demonstrates the usefulness of this conceptualization by applying it to the cases of British, Indian, and Australian forces fighting the Japanese during the Second World War. Only when scholars are talking about the same concept will our understanding of the conditions under which militaries are effective in battle progress. By comparing different units fighting the same opponent under the same material conditions, I demonstrate that units vary both in their combat skill and their will to fight, and that understanding their effectiveness in battle requires analyzing both of these key factors.     

Anarchy’s anatomy: Two-tiered security systems and Libya’s civil wars

ABSTRACT

No issue deserves more scrutiny than the mechanisms whereby popular unrest unleashes civil wars. We argue that one institution – two-tiered security systems – is particularly pernicious in terms of the accompanying civil war risk. These systems’ defining characteristic is the juxtaposition of small communally stacked units that protect regimes from internal adversaries with larger regular armed forces that deter external opponents. These systems aggravate civil war risks because stacked security units lack the size to repress widespread dissent, but inhibit rapid regime change through coup d’état. Regular militaries, meanwhile, fracture when ordered to employ force against populations from which they were recruited.